2.+EARLY+EUROPEAN+COLONIZATION


 * COLONIZATION:**

-Explorers become **Conquistadors**//- What is the difference between a Conquistador and an Explorer? conquistador is looking to settle and conquer.// //-//At first they were given governorship but their leadership proved weak so the crown appointed more effective leaders. -Society in New Spain- very structured 1**. Penisulares**- born in Spain. Held highest positions in Church, government, owned land and mines 2. **Creoles**- Spanish descent but born in New World. 3. **Mestizos**- Spanish and Indian descent. Worked on farms, bakers, shoemakers, crafts 4. **Indians**- treated as a conquered people -between 1500-1800’s – 10 million slaves brought over
 * New Spain- South America** [|Spanish-empire-01.png]
 * 90-95% of the Native American population dead within the first 150 years of settlement (disease mostly). Need for new labor- **African Slave Trade**

-1500’s Europeans were still looking for a **Northwest Passage** -explorers such as Verranzano and Hudson searched with no success. -Good out of Bad- Europeans started to think of the Americas as a way to make a profit in and of itself rather than a means to reach Asia -**France**- **Samuel de Champlain** founded Port Royal in 1605- the first French settlement. Later founded Quebec. -**economy**: no gold or silver like the Spanish. Profited from fish, furs and trade. Traded much with the Native Americans. -did not seek to conquer Natives or establish large farms- worked together -mission work- Catholicism -**Mississippi-** searched for “Father of the Waters”. 1673 **Marquette and Joliet** explored the Mississippi for 700 miles. -1682, **De La Salle** went all the way to Gulf of Mexico. Named the region **Louisiana** after Louis XIV. -established city of New Orleans for trade. -government- in cities, the French government had strict control. In the frontier, the trappers lived independently. -**New Netherland**- Minuet bought the island of Manhattan from some local Natives. Called in New Amsterdam…the entire colony was called New Netherland (New York) -New Amsterdam: busy port. Welcomed all peoples regardless of origins and religion. -Rivalry- with the French over the fur trade. Both sought to make **Alliances** with Indians. -Dutch= Iroquios, French= Hurons -**Overall effects on the Native Americans**: increased warfare between them, overtrapping of animals, guns and alcohol, Christianity, and removal from lands.
 * North America** [|newworldcolonie.jpg]

TERMS:** Conquistador Peninsulars Mestizo Creoles Northwest Passage Champlain Mississippi River- New Orleans New Amsterdam
 * STUDY GUIDE

1. What is the difference between an explorer and a conquistador? 2. Discuss the Spanish social structure in New Spain. 3. Compare the Dutch, French and Spanish settlements in the New World.
 * QUESTIONS:**

Religious Tolerance Roots of Self-Government Relationship with Non-Europeans (Native Americans, Slaves) Economic Growth**
 * THEMES: